The New Global Community

Vanshika Pradhan asked:


Where it not for the importance that cricket news would have been accorded in the construct of a cricket bulletin, the crickets on the verge of getting faded from the memory of the public have got a new tenure of cricket news based career, and are making a great career out of it.

Such is the fondness among the viewers and readers for cricket related content, be it in the form of world cricket news, news pertaining to IPL Cricket, gossips associated with the International Cricket Council or latest cricket news, any form of cricket news continuously keeps on appearing either as an upward border ticker, or a lower border ticker.

The cricket news outreach has increased phenomenally after the advent of digital media and proliferation of cricket websites, specializing on one form of the content or the other. The specialization of the websites could be for any form of the cricket related news, it has gained popularity among the viewers and the readers on account of its ability to update the news as it happen. It is this advantage of the digital media which has in a way also been responsible for raising the content associated with cricket news among the top news for any news format, be it a newspaper, a television news channel or a website.

The outreach of cricket news is not relegated to only English language, but even regional language channels and websites other than those in English are also uploading content associated with cricket news. A Yashpal Sharma, or a Atul Wason, or for that matter a Manoj Prabhakar or even a Wasim Akram have found a new career in dissemination of cricket news related content.

Wasim Akram having two left foots is also now hosting a realty dance show in which cricketers are shaking their legs, and are having a new lease of life in their cricketing career. Were it not for the advent of new forms of media, a cricketer having been dropped from the Indian team could have led a life in anonymity. No other sports has generated such passionate following among the viewers as cricket, and therefore the cricket news is being packaged in such innovative forms as cricket breaking news, BCCI cricket news, live cricket news etc.

Cricket news is indeed in interesting times. The advent of a parallel ICL league has also given a new dimension to cricket news, so now through out the year cricket is being kept vibrant with one form or the other of cricket news.



Trey

John Chase asked:


For borrowers suffering the many humiliations large and small of debts increasing beyond their control, there are actually several different forms of debt relief available to average consumers. What may surprise most Americans, actually, is the extent to which bankruptcy will no longer be considered among the debt relief alternatives that seasoned financial advisors recommend to most clients. Three years ago, while the economy was still relatively robust and the media was distracted by Iraq war coverage, the congress slipped in a few seemingly minor alterations to the United States bankruptcy code that went on to weaken tremendously the protection available. Unfortunately, at this present time, with debt loads, inflation and unemployment spiraling even as property values fall across the nation, consumers are only now beginning to understand that the Chapter 7 debt elimination program they had always assumed to be a final outlet for unpayable burdens may no longer exist.

The full meaning of this legislation would take far too long to fully explain, but, suffice to say, court trustees must now strictly follow Internal Revenue Service guidelines before rendering any decision on the feasibility of Chapter 7 protection. Worse yet, even for those few borrowers whose incomes are sufficiently low for Chapter 7 to be a practical consideration, those that somehow manage to successfully declare for the debt elimination program will find that virtually all assets (including, by the viewpoint of the Internal Revenue Service, the computer you are reading this article on, the table that supports that computer, the rug underneath said table, and so on) are now subject to potential seizure for auction so as to immediately repay their creditors. Every consumer that fails to meet the new and comically harsh standards for Chapter 7 bankruptcy protection will instead be passed toward the Chapter 13 debt re-structuring program. This is, indeed, a form of debt relief, but, as with anything controlled utterly by governmental regulations that ignore the day to day needs of private citizens, it is debt relief of absolutely the ugliest and most damaging sort.

After a bankruptcy notice appears on the credit report, borrowers will at least never need to worry about debt relief again. After the recording of a Chapter 13, even though essentially all bills will be paid by the filer and rather more quickly than would be pleasant, said borrowers will never again have the opportunity to be offered credit accounts for many, many years. Even used car salesmen will back away, shaking their heads. To put it plainly, Chapter 13 has all the deprivations and forced budgeting of the harshest debt settlement programs alongside the credit shattering repercussions of debt elimination bankruptcy. The program does, in the loosest possible sense, offer some relief to debtors utterly without any other hope. There will always be a final outlet. Still, Chapter 13 should not even be talked about in the same breath as debt consolidation or debt settlement. It simply has no possible advantage or benefits compared to the other debt relief alternatives. Compared to robbing a liquor store or selling one’s organs, Chapter 13 protection may come out on top as a sound lifestyle choice, but only just.



Serena

Matthew MacLachlan asked:


Japan is a country with its own habits and peculiarities, but then so are Germany, Italy or South Africa, for example, and no company hoping to succeed in any of those markets would dive in without any preparation. But the Japanese are not supermen, or indeed men from Mars, as one EU negotiator famously described them. Success in Japan, with Japan or against Japan means hard work, discipline and commitment because these are qualities the Japanese have in abundance. But they are qualities that are needed to succeed anywhere in the world. There is nothing really different about Japan.

The best advice one can give about dealing with the Japanese is simply, “Don’t be surprised”. That just means, don’t have any preconceived ideas about Japan. Don’t judge everything from a European or British viewpoint. Follow this advice and everything becomes logical because all other concepts of logic are ignored. Before you start out on your campaign of doing business with Japan, forget everything you have so far learned about exporting, licensing and overseas co-operation, and start from scratch all over again.

It’s like pressing the Memory Clear button on your calculator before every new calculation. If you do not clear the memory, you will get the wrong answer. Most people look at Japan from their own angle, so are surprised by what they see. The trick is to look at Japan from no angle at all. Press the Memory Clear button in your mind and just let the Japanese flow over you. You’ll be surprised what a difference it makes.

Original article at www.intercultural-training.co.uk



Tracey

Samuel Leslie Berkovits asked:


Can you win in the exciting world of international currency trading when 95% of traders lose their money? You can but you will need to be able to do everything in this article to win.

A Combination Of Method and Mindset

To succeed in international currency trading you need to combine a simple robust method with a disciplined mindset – you need both to succeed.

There is no point in having a good forex trading system and not being able to apply it through losing periods with discipline – if you don’t have the discipline to apply your system, you don’t have one!

A Major Mistake

While anyone can learn currency trading and succeed, most traders look to others to give them success, the so called experts who are anything but. Vendors sell trading systems and forex robots, that have never even been traded and traders buy them!

Sure they give a track record – but it always tends to be a back-tested simulation in hindsight and made up. Anyone can build a fortune knowing the closing prices beforehand but that’s not the real world.

If you are thinking of following one of these so called experts blindly, you are going to end up with the majority of losers.

The Route to Success is Built On

A simple, robust trading system which you know why it will work and you have confidence in is the key to success. Let’s be clear if you don’t have an understanding of what you are doing and confidence you will never have the discipline to execute your trading system through losing periods.

You Need to Take Losses

There is a lot of nonsense written about how you can trade with 90% accuracy and not really have a long run of losses – but this is simply not true. Even the best traders can lose for weeks on end. Don’t be discouraged by this, you can still make huge profits you must however ride out these losing periods with discipline until you hit a home run.

Most traders are simply unprepared for this and throw in the towel early, where if they had stayed on course, they could have won.

Taking Responsibility and Trading in Isolation

If you want to win at forex trading you need to take responsibility for your actions and trade without running with the pack. This is hard, we see all those convincing news stories but that’s all they are – stories and you need to go out on your own and take responsibility for your financial destiny.

The Good News!

The really good news is if you can accept the challenge on your own, the rewards for your efforts are huge.

You can generally put together a simple robust trading system in about two weeks and then be making big profits in just 30 minutes a day.

You don’t need to have a college education to trade international currency markets and you don’t have to work hard – you need to work smart learn the right information, ignore the myths and then have the confidence and discipline to execute your forex trading strategy you will win.

Now you have read this article, you will have an idea on what it takes to be a successful forex trader and if you want to trade and win you can.



Mavis

Philip Yaffe asked:


Recommending that you stop writing press releases and start writing news releases is not a play on words. It is sound advice.

In common parlance, “press release” and “news release” mean the same thing. However, the terminology people use often betrays a fundamental difference in how they put this information together and how well it is accepted by the media.

Early in my career, I was editor of a daily newspaper and later a writer with The Wall Street Journal. One of my jobs was to screen submissions to decide which ones we would print and which ones we would throw away.

Approximately 80 – 85% of submissions failed the first screening, a life or death decision usually made within 60 seconds or less. On the other hand, the vast majority of those that survived this first screening also survived the second one and were ultimately published.

What made the difference? Basically, it was in how the author of the document viewed the material being submitted.

·      Losers. Information a company or organisation wanted to see printed for its own benefit.

·      Winners. Information a company or organisation wanted to see printed for its own benefit and the benefit of our readers.

In both cases, the submitter had something to gain if we published the release, i.e. positive publicity. However, in the first case, the focus was on only how the submitter would benefit from publication. In the second, it was on both how the submitter and our readers would benefit.

A Concrete Example

If all this sounds a bit theoretical, here is an example to make it more concrete.

After leaving The Wall Street Journal, I was an account executive with a major international press relations agency. One of my subordinates presented me with a typically self-serving press release he wanted to distribute on behalf of his client.

 

The headline was something like: Egotistical Industries gains major new contract. The first paragraph said something like:

“Tom Bighead today announced that Egotistical Industries has won a $350,000 contract to supply window sealants for the new sports centre currently under construction in Baden-Baden, Germany. Egotistical Industries was founded in 1989 by Mr. Bighead and his brother George, and is now considered to be the leading company in its field. Last year the company’s sales were . . . .”

In the fifth paragraph, if anyone would read that far, we learned that the sealant the company would supply had the property of not freezing in cold weather, so work on the sports centre could be carried out in December, rather than waiting for warmer weather in March or April.

This of course was the true story. If you are a reader of a professional construction magazine, you couldn’t care less that Egotistical Industries has a new contract. By contrast, you could be vitally interested in knowing that you could possibly gain three months on your construction schedule by using Egotistical’s product.

More importantly, editors of professional construction magazines would view the release this way.

Remember: Editors are vitally concerned about what their readers want to read, because if they lose readership, they lose their jobs. The real target of your release must be the editors. They are the gatekeepers. If they value the release, it gets published; if they don’t, it doesn’t.

We therefore rewrote the information into a news release with the headline: Windows in Baden-Baden Sports Centre will be sealed in the dead of winter, saving the contractor approximately $30,000 in labour costs. The first paragraph, and as many additional paragraphs as necessary, elaborated on this very attractive theme. The background information about the company came at the end of the release where it justifiably belonged.

The Short Road to Nowhere

Here’s another example. As a marketing communication consultant, I was asked by a client to write a release announcing an important new service. I was told to limit the release to 400 words. “Why 400 words?” I asked. “Well, it’s our policy to keep our releases short. Journalists like that.”

The problem was, I couldn’t find a way of saying everything that needed to be said in only 400 words. The client was insistent. I finally produced something at 400 words which the client felt was exactly what was wanted. But when the release was issued, no one published it.

The client called a few newspapers and magazines to find out why. The answer was, they just didn’t see anything that would be of interest to their readers. I then called a couple of these newspapers and magazines and asked, “Do you think you readers would be interested in X.” “Yes, why didn’t you put that in the release?”

Well, I had. But under the stricture of the 400-word limit, it had become so severely condensed as to be cryptic. It was there—if you knew what to look for. The function of an effective release is to give information, not challenge journalists to find it.

I rewrote the release. This time it came out to 650 words and was widely published. Why? Because it had been transformed from a press release, i.e. what the client wanted to say, into a news release—what journalists believed their readers wanted and needed to know.

Each time you start tapping at the keyboard, keep uppermost in mind the aspects that make a release a “news release”.

·    First, a release gets published only if editors feel that it offers something their readers want and need to know. So make certain that it does.

·    Second, there is no “correct” length for a news release. To paraphrase a sexist joke (I apologise, but it is just too pertinent), a news release should be like a miniskirt: short enough to be interesting, and long enough to cover the subject.



Noe

Kacper Szulecki asked:


1. Introduction

Twenty six to one – that was the result of voting over the establishment of a European Day against the Death Penalty during the September working meeting of EU justice ministers. Poland was the only opponent. Political conflict over the establishment of the Day is a more complex problem, than some commentators make the public believe. I argue that the actions of the controversial Kaczy?ski government should, instead of a mere rejection of Poland’s standpoint, drag our attention towards matters less symbolic than an officially established holiday. In my opinion the intergovernmental battle-lines in this case have little to do with the real conflicts dormant under the surface of the European public discourse.

The first is most obviously the debate on capital punishment as such. Against the idealist wishes of the heads of states, the prohibition of death penalty is hardly a value that all European hold dear. In a number of states DP supporters are a solid majority, in others – a considerable minority. The second problem, put forth by the Poles, is the formulation of a general “right to life”, which calls all other forms of peace-time termination (abortion, euthanasia) into question.

All these issues are in turn directly linked to the problem of EU’s democratic deficit. Abstracting from the normative aspects of this dispute, it is clear that governments, heads of states, Commissioners and MEPs are reluctant to engage in any meaningful wider debate on these problems. They seem to believe that whatever happens on the European level is still insulated from the public, which gives the policy makers a silent “permissive consensus”. This might be true of norms regarding the colour schemes of police cars, but not necessarily the matters of life and death. The paper attempts to be neutral on the question of the death penalty, but has a normative side arguing for the need to introduce more deliberation in the Union.

The aim of this paper is to analyse that conflict “as if it were” a regular policy issue in the EU. I want to describe the standpoints of two governments: the United Kingdom, as an advocate of the Day, and Poland, as the opposing side.

The EU however is a multi-level polity, therefore the intergovernmental clashes do not necessarily have to reflect the structure of interests on lower levels. I intend to provide coverage of the domestic interests regarding the question of the Day, and, more importantly, the DP as such, in these two states. I want to show that there are some common standpoints on the issue, cross-cutting the nation-state borders.

2. The European Day against the Death Penalty – a Political Clash

The “World Day against Death Penalty” is held on October 10. every year since 2003, as an initiative of the World Coalition Against the Death Penalty. The idea to establish a strictly European Day was clearly spoken out during the German Presidency, and taken up by the Portuguese government, who was to preside in the European Council in the second half of 2007, when the Day would be held. On behalf of the European Commission, Vice-President Franco Frattini, Responsible for Justice, Freedom and Security, was the main advocate of the Joint Declaration of the EP and the Council of Ministers, proposed by the EC on 19. June 2007.

Frattini said that: “By creating a European Day against the death penalty we are showing our resolve and commitment to not stop fighting this practice until it is abolished worldwide”. In the words of Benita Ferrero-Waldner: “We Europeans are the number one advocate against the death penalty and for its universal abolition”. The EC’s press release headline read: “Tireless champion for the abolition of the death penalty throughout the world, the EU proposes a European day against the death penalty”. As I will try to show in the coming sections, the Europeans, understood as the citizens of the EU, are not unanimous advocates against capital punishment, nor has the EU been a “tireless champion” to abolish it for long.

Member-state delegations were supposed to agree on the proposed draft on September 6th. The proposal however was blocked by the Polish delegation at the first meeting, the veto was already signaled before, and despite the attempts to persuade the Poles, made by the Commissionaires, other delegates and the MEPs, that was the end of the Draft.

As a justification of their standpoint, the spokesman of the Polish delegation Andrzej Duda, claimed Europe ought to promote a day “dedicated to the protection of all human life” instead. The claim was anchored in a traditional Christian discourse, where all forms of human-inspired termination are wrong. What was clear from the comments, especially made by socialist MEPs and the Portuguese delegation, this was just an excuse, as the real reasons for the Polish veto was Kaczy?ski’s explicit support for capital punishment. Commentators also noted that the League of Polish Families, Kaczy?ski’s coalition party, was planning to reintroduce DP for pedophile rapists. What is more, the critics linked Polish veto with the upcoming parliamentary elections in the country, where the tough play on European arena and defending Christian or alternatively pro-death-penalty values would give Kaczy?ski’s Law and Justice points.



3. The Three Interests and a Disinterest

From this debate we can already differentiate the three positions (interests) that can be found in the EU. First, supported by the 26 states officials, the EC, EP and Council of Europe, is based on the human right to life understood in the narrow sense. Capital punishment is seen as unlawful and unjustifiable barbarism, and “Europe” is said to be the main prophet of its abolition. Secondly, there is the Christian, traditional view, calling for the protection of all life, from conception until natural death. Third is the conservative (in the American sense ) standpoint, opposing the abolition of DP. This form of punishment is seen as effective in deterring most violent crimes, and just. Abortion and euthanasia are not seen as similar to capital punishment (as in the former view), but rather as equal to murder, and in some extreme opinions should also be punished by death.

Apart from the three clear “interests”, we need to mention the fourth logically possible standpoint – favoring death penalty, as well as the liberalization of abortion and euthanasia. I argue this is quite a common standpoint. It arises however, not from deeply held values or from ideology, but rather from superficial reasoning. I therefore call it a “disinterest”, as opposed to the more conscious and better informed “interests”. The support for DP in this group derives from the very basic need for justice and security, and the arguments about its deterring role are appealing. Abortion and euthanasia on the other hand can be seen as private matters – in a way similar to the first interest group. I will argue that this “disinterest” is the main pool of support for the DP in Europe, yet it is often evaded by the European politicians.

In the official EU policy discourse, only the first view is present. It avoids reference to abortion and euthanasia, either by omitting it or by denying any logical link. What the commentators noticed, but chose not to elaborate on, is the electoral gain Law and Justice could achieve by opposing the Day, and thereby becoming the only actor on the European arena representing the second and third viewpoints. The commentators, apart from Terry Davies, Secretary General of the CE, were reluctant to state that such electoral gain is possible, simply because there are many Europeans favoring capital punishment or the right to life in a broader sense.

4. The Domestic Interest Structure on Capital Punishment

In this section I will first briefly try to illustrate the structure of interests regarding capital punishment in Europe with some statistical data. I will then move to the analysis of two cases, where I will more closely look at the organization of interests and their reflection on the political arena.

Contrary to what is proclaimed by the EU officials, “abolition of death penalty” is not a very central “European value”. The Eurobarometer does not pose the question of being for or against DP. The pan-European data is very limited. As for the European law, Council of Europe’s “European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms”, imposes the abolition of death penalty. These documents are neither central for the old members, nor conditions for new member’s accession. The Copenhagen Criteria do not mention the necessity of DP abolition.

The public is at least divided on the matter. In Finland, according to the Gallup Polls, one third of the nation supported death penalty in 2006. In France the support was higher – 42%. In the UK, support has dropped in the recent years from some 60% to a still very high figure of 49% in 2005. It is noticed that support is much higher in the new member-states, notably Poland (67% in 2006, 63% in 2007), Czech Republic (57% in 2005) or Romania (Eastern European average is around 60%). The need for justice and security causes instances of mass popular support for the reintroduction of DP – as did the tragic events in Belgium in 1996. 62% of Europeans believe that offenders, especially youths, would commit less crime if the punishments were tougher. 95% of respondents say penalties for child abuse should be tougher. These can be treated as (very weak) proxies of the deterring role most harsh penalties have and of the support for DP respectively.

4.1 Poland

Poland may well be the EU member-state with strongest DP support. Most violent cases of murder after 1989 took place between 1995 and 1997. In those years the support for DP was highest – even 75% in 1997. This support is, I would argue, mostly emotional, and fits the fourth standpoint I enumerated – the “disinterest”. This can be proven by the attitudes towards abortion, not fitting the “Christian” or “conservative” interest patterns. In 1997 65% of Poles agreed that women should have the right to terminate, in 2005 the figure fell to 57%. This however still means that at least 20% of respondents are both in favour of DP and abortion.

Despite such strong support for DP, the representation of interest on the political scene hardly matches their structure in the society. Since 2004 three right-wing parties have advocated for the reinstitution of capital punishment. Most radical voices are usually raised by the conservative and ultra-liberal Union of Real Politics, traditionally receiving 2-8% support. Their arguments are the deterring role of DP and the primacy of the right to life, they are rooted in individual liberty and absolute responsibility of the individual for its actions. Second advocate is the nationalist League of Polish Families , with 12 % support in 2005, and marginal support in 2007. The party is divided between the Christian and the conservative standpoints, mostly speaking of DP for paedophiles. The last party in favour of DP is Law and Justice, which saw a place for capital punishment in its projected harsher penal code. Together the advocates of DP can count on 30-40% of votes, hardly matching the real support on that matter.

The mainstream press’ comments on the Day controversy were emphasising the feeling of shame as Poland is once again treated as a “freak” or a “black sheep” in the EU family, not engaging in a substantive debate on the DP. Right-wing press chose either to emphasise the “Christian” explanation of the Polish veto, or the “conservative” hard-headedness in a clash with the nonsensual, socialist Europe.

4.2 United Kingdom

As already mentioned, the public support for DP in Britain is considerable, and this can be felt in the public discourse, mostly in conservative/Tory sources. Even very some moderate commentators were reluctant to dismiss the Polish veto as “fundamentalism”, choosing instead to support the appealing logic behind the “pro life” explanations of the veto. In that sense, the position of the euro-sceptical Polish leadership was welcomed with some understanding by the large euro-sceptical groups of Britons. The majority however took Straw’s side, and used the pan-European discourse against DP and avoiding putting “a larger context of the right to life” on the agenda.

The Labour Party is clearly falling into the first interest “box”, after all, it was with Tony Blair in charge that Britain finally banned the DP under all circumstances. This policy line is continued by Gordon Brown. With the Conservative Party the case is more complex. David Cameron, describing himself as “modern compassionate conservative” has quite moderate views, not favouring the DP. There are however more radical voices in the party, with some members explicitly voicing their support for capital punishment. The leaders of Ulster Unionist Party and the Democratic Unionist Party in the parliament of Northern Ireland also favour reintroducing of DP.

5. Conclusion: Taking a D-Tour for D-Day in The Council of Europe

Despite the Polish veto, the Day was established and celebrated on October 10th. In order to achieve that, the EU governments turned to the Council of Europe, where on 26.09 the project was acclaimed by 26 of 47 states – a majority sufficient to make it binding for other members. This turn of events was naturally strongly opposed by the Polish Foreign Ministry, Fotyga called the decision a conspiracy and said Poland would treat it as non-existent. One month later however, early election swept Law and Justice from government, and the new coalition soon declared it would support the Day. The process was concluded during the JHA Council meeting on 7.12 where all 27 member states signed the proposal, meaning that 10.10.2008 will be an official European Day Against the Death Penalty in all of the EU.

Although we can argue the Union has chosen the right thing to do, it failed to address in any way the problem of considerable civic support for the DP. Europe is therefore a global advocate of a cause which is internally not seen as unanimously “European”. What is more, after the former Polish government has been shamed for differing, and since the new one is quite reasonably compliant, there is now no voice of dissent, no representation of the three standpoints alternative to the EU mainstream on the European arena. This incompatibility of interests and European policy-making can be treated as some proof of the democratic deficit in the EU. Secretary Davies’ attitude and the fact, that at least to some extent these three viewpoints are present in the EP, can hopefully result in a real debate on the DP and the right to life as Europe would like it to be defined. It would be interesting to see a real moral argument in the European family, one that could lead to the Day Against the Death Penalty being a truly European Day.



Chauncey

Erin Celeste asked:


Usually when someone realizes they have bleeding internal hemorrhoids, it is in fact because of the blood they find after having a bowel movement. Because bleeding internal hemorrhoids are they way they are, there are few other symptoms that go along with them besides the appearance of blood after a bowel movement.

External piles are a different story than bleeding internal hemorrhoids. When they are on the outside of the anus, there are far too many times in a day when they are agitated by walking, sitting or wiping. Bleeding internal hemorrhoids on the other hand, do not have to deal with constant itchiness and irritation when the skin is rubbed together throughout daily activity.

Because of their location, bleeding internal hemorrhoids are really only in a fight with themselves rather than their surroundings. They are located up inside of the **** region and are therefore not effected by wiping after bowel movements or sitting or walking. Luckily, in fact, bleeding internal hemorrhoids are probably one of the least painful forms of your problem.

The question remains, though. Why do they bleed? As with any case of any type of bleeding internal hemorrhoids, the reason they bleed is because they have dealt with too much pressure and the veins have torn. The pressure has not come from wiping too hard after bowel movements or too much walking. It usually is caused by constipation among a number of other contributing factors to the development of bleeding internal hemorrhoids.

Pregnancy can also cause excess pressure on your **** veins. As mentioned before, constipation leads to excess straining for long periods of time to have a bowel movement as well as to sit for a long period of time. When the **** vein has endured that much pressure for an extended period of time, it is inevitable to end up with bleeding internal hemorrhoids.

The good news is that bleeding internal hemorrhoids can be healed and prevented. It is simply a matter of strengthening your veins, and reducing the pressure which will allow them to heal themselves. Your body wants to heal. It is made to heal. Giving it the proper nutrition and other resources will allow it to do just that. And then magically your bleeding internal hemorrhoids will go away. They can go away forever if you change a few habits. Eat more fiber. And find a bleeding internal hemorrhoids treatment that focuses on relieving constipation and strengthening veins.

Erin Celeste

Aspiring Herbalist & Hemorrhoid Researcher

Explore your world with comfort and relief

http://www.hemroidharry.com



Maude

Kh. Atiar Rahman asked:


There is no denying the fact that a child is only a child, not a boy, not girl and in preservation of the rights of the children, the role of media cannot be ignored. They can focus the neglected children who are living beyond poverty and scattered here and there and even in remote places. Due to poverty and underdeveloped socio-economic factors in the country, the children are lying neglected and are compelled to engage themselves in reprehensible profession like begging, thieving and pick-pocketing etc., and in this connection it is noted that ours is a developing country and the rate of child labour is increasing day by day. The only reason is illiteracy and poverty for which we are losing bright manpower every time. The respective media should explore such neglected talents and should create the awareness for the wealthy people who have capacity to educate them. The government should hunt and assemble them for their best education for which the proper citizen of the country will be developed in a systematic manner. The States Parties of the world should recognize the right of a child who has been placed by the competent authorities for the purposes of care, protection or treatment of his or her physical or mental health, to a periodic review of the treatment provided to the child and all other circumstances relevant to his or her placement. In UN charter, it has been stated that the States Parties should recognize for every child the right to assistance from social safekeeping, including social indemnity and should take the necessary measures to accomplish the full awareness of this right in harmony with their general law.

It has been stated the States Parties should esteem the right of the child who is estranged from one or both parents to preserve personal relations and direct contact with both parents on a regular basis, except if it is contrary to the child’s best interests. Where such separation results from any action initiated by a State Party, such as the detention, imprisonment, exile, deportation or death (including death arising from any cause while the person is in the custody of the State) of one or both parents or of the child, that State Party should, upon request, provide the parents, the child or, if appropriate, another member of the family with the essential information concerning the whereabouts of the absent member(s) of the family unless the provision of the information would be detrimental to the well-being of the child. States Parties should further ensure that the submission of such a request should of itself entail no adverse consequences for the person concerned. To comprehend how women executive in higher-ranking levels in organizations in the world distinguish their roles, how they feel they are being perceived and what strategies they currently use to ensure their effectiveness within their organizations, Louise Coyle, a renowned economist, conducted a research in 1996 on the role of in a developing country and her research phenomena she accomplished that these women worked within the establishment of their own organization, indeed they were part of the establishment and as such would not overtly acknowledge that discrimination takes place. In a survey of corporate men and women, Hennig and Jardim, distinguished economists concluded the idea in 1996 in the sense that the male and female do have different beliefs, attitude and assumptions about themselves and each other, and about organizations and managerial careers. These differences result in female styles, emphases and responses that are functional for success in management.

It may be pointed out that Valerie Hammond & Vicki Holton stated that in 1984, 41% of the workforces were women (9.5 millions women) in the UK; by 1991 this had risen to 44% or 11 million employees. Twenty eight per cent of all working women held an executive or professional position. A survey by the British Institute of Management found that the number of companies employing women executives increased from 49% in 1986 to 64% in 1990. In the same period the proportion of women directors grew from 4% to 8%. But there are no women chief executives among Britain’s top 100 companies as listed in the Times 1000.Roger Young, the institute’s Director-General said “Men are the key hurdle to women in supervision. Despite some growth, old- fashioned sexist attitude are still common and represent a real, not an imagined, barrier. After analysis of women manager’s statistics of some developed country’s Louise Coyle (1996) concluded that gender discrimination and segregation crosses geographical boundaries and cultures. Women managers face the same discrimination worldwide. Patricia G. Steimhoff & kazuko Tanaka, the statistical analysis of women labour force in Japan, it was observed that, in 1990 women constitute 41% of the labour force with the important shift from the status of family worker to wage earner. By 1990 only 17% of the women in the labour force constitute either paid or unpaid family worker. They commented that, due to the peculiarity Japanese ethos of organization in Japan women are militated against in the area of management. This is because the vast majority of managers are promoted through the ranks with in-house company training schemes. Seniority is the primary factor. Women are obviously at a decided disadvantage because they tend to have a career break after marriage. They also cited government-led commission surveyed 1497 companies in 1979 and reported that women made up 23% of the workforce but only 0.3 % held decision-making positions. In their intensive surveyed, they commented that the situation has not improved greatly over the last 20 years. Women, at present, are in inferior standing in the world of work in relation to their male counterpart. Brew and Garavan, illustrates that “Women have equality on paper, not in practice”. They concluded that structural and attitudinal barriers dispossess women of opportunity and in order to have optimal effect women-only training must be part of a comprehensive programme designed to remove each one of these barriers. In another article Ms McCarthy, E. examines inequality at a more detailed, almost anatomical level, in the areas of:

Recruitment and hodgepodge;

Education and advancement;

Support;

Assessment;

Service arrangements.

Where a child is illegally deprived of some or all of the elements of his or her identity, States Parties should provide appropriate assistance and fortification, with a view to re-establishing speedily his or her distinctiveness. It has been stated the states Parties should make sure that a child should not be alienated from his or her parents against their spirit, except when competent authorities subject to legal appraisal to settle on, in accordance with applicable law and procedures, that such separation is necessary for the best interests of the child. Such determination may be necessary in a particular case such as one involving ill-treatment or disregard of the child by the parents, or one where the parents are living disjointedly and a resolution must be completed as to the child’s place of abode. In accordance with the obligation of States Parties under article 9, paragraph 1, applications by a child or his or her parents to enter or leave a State Party for the purpose of family reunification should be dealt with by States Parties in a positive, humane and expeditious manner. States Parties should further ensure that the submission of such a request should entail no adverse consequences for the applicants and for the members of their family. A child whose parents reside in different States should have the right to maintain on a regular basis, save in exceptional circumstances personal relations and direct contacts with both parents. Towards that end and in accordance with the obligation of States Parties under article 9, paragraph 1, States Parties should respect the right of the child and his or her parents to leave any country, including their own and to enter their own country. The right to leave any country should be subject only to such restrictions as are prescribed by law and which are necessary to protect the national security, public order public health or morals or the rights and freedoms of others and are consistent with the other rights recognized in the present Convention. It has been stated the States Parties should take measures to combat the illicit transfer and non-return of children abroad. It has been stated that to this end, States Parties should promote the conclusion of bilateral or multilateral agreements or accession to existing agreements. It has been stated the states Parties should assure to the child who is capable of forming his or her own views the right to express those views freely in all matters affecting the child, the views of the child being given due weight in accordance with the age and maturity of the child. It has been stated that for this purpose, the child should in particular be provided the opportunity to be heard in any judicial and administrative proceedings affecting the child, either directly, or through a representative or an appropriate body, in a manner consistent with the procedural rules of national law.

It has been stated the child should have the right to freedom of expression; this right should include freedom to seek, receive and impart information and ideas of all kinds, regardless of frontiers, either orally, in writing or in print, in the form of art, or through any other media of the child’s choice. The exercise of this right may be subject to certain restrictions, but these should only be such as are provided by law and are necessary:

For deference of the rights or name of others; or

For the security of general safekeeping or of community order or of public wellbeing or morals.

It has been stated the states Parties should respect the right of the child to self-determination of contemplation, scruples and religion. It has been stated the states Parties should value the rights and duties of the parents and, when appropriate, legal guardians, to offer track to the child in the exercise of his or her right in a manner consistent with the evolving capacities of the child. It has been stated the freedom to manifest one’s religion or beliefs may be subject only to such limitations as are prescribed by law and are necessary to protect public safety, order, health or morals, or the fundamental rights and freedoms of others. It has been stated the states Parties recognize the rights of the child to freedom of association and to freedom of peaceful assembly. It has been stated the no restrictions may be placed on the exercise of these rights other than those imposed in conformity with the law and which are necessary in a democratic society in the interests of national security or public safety, public order (order public), the protection of public health or morals or the protection of the rights and freedoms of others. It has been stated the no child should be subjected to arbitrary or unlawful interference with his or her privacy, family, home or correspondence, or to unlawful attacks on his or her honour and reputation. It has been stated the child has the right to the protection of the law against such interference or attacks. It has been stated the states Parties recognize the important function performed by the mass media and should ensure that the child has access to information and material from a diversity of national and international sources, especially those aimed at the promotion of his or her social, spiritual and moral well-being and physical and mental health. To this end, States Parties should:

To prop up the accumulation intermediate to disseminate information and material of social and cultural benefit to the child and in accordance with the spirit of article 29;

To give confidence international co-operation in the production, exchange and dissemination of such information and material from a diversity of cultural, national and international sources;

To hearten the production and dissemination of children’s books;

To support the mass media to have particular regard to the linguistic needs of the child who belongs to a minority group or who is indigenous;

To egg on the development of appropriate guidelines for the protection of the child from information and material injurious to his or her well-being; we should bear in mind the provisions of articles 13 and 18.

It has been stated that the states Parties should use their best efforts to ensure acknowledgment of the standard that both parents have common household tasks for the education and expansion of the child. Parents or, as the case may be, legal guardians, have the primary responsibility for the upbringing and development of the child. The best interests of the child will be their basic concern. It has been stated that for the purpose of guaranteeing and promoting the rights set forth in the present Convention, States Parties should render appropriate assistance to parents and legal guardians in the performance of their child-rearing responsibilities and should ensure the development of institutions, facilities and services for the care of children. It has been stated the states Parties should take all appropriate measures to ensure that children of working parents have the right to benefit from child-care services and facilities for which they are eligible.

It has been stated that the States Parties should take all appropriate legislative, administrative, social and educational measures to protect the child from all forms of physical or mental violence, injury or abuse, neglect or negligent treatment, maltreatment or exploitation, including sexual abuse, while in the care of parent(s), legal guardian(s) or any other person who has the care of the child. Such protective measures should, as appropriate, include effective procedures for the establishment of social programmes to provide necessary support for the child and for those who have the care of the child, as well as for other forms of prevention and for identification, reporting, referral, investigation, treatment and follow-up of instances of child maltreatment described heretofore, and, as appropriate, for judicial involvement. A child temporarily or permanently deprived of his or her family environment, or in whose own best interests cannot be allowed to remain in that environment, should be entitled to special protection and assistance provided by the State.

? It has been stated that the states Parties should in accordance with their national laws ensure alternative care for such a child.

? Such care could include, inter alia, foster placement, adoption or if necessary placement in suitable institution for the care of children. When considering solutions, due regard should be paid to the desirability of continuity in a child’s upbringing and to the child’s ethnic, religious, cultural and linguistic background.

It has been stated the states Parties that recognize and/or permit the system of adoption should ensure that the best interests of the child should be the paramount consideration and they should: To ensure that the adoption of a child is authorized only by competent authorities who determine, in accordance with applicable law and procedures and on the basis of all pertinent and reliable information, that the adoption is permissible in view of the child’s status concerning parents, relatives and legal guardians and that, if required, the persons concerned have given their informed consent to the adoption on the basis of such counseling as may be necessary to recognize that inter-country adoption may be considered as an alternative means of child’s care, if the child cannot be placed in a foster or an adoptive family or cannot in any suitable manner be cared for in the child’s country of origin to ensure that the child concerned by inter-country adoption enjoys safeguards and standards equivalent to those existing in the case of national adoption to take all appropriate measures to ensure that, in inter-country adoption, the placement does not result in improper financial gain for those involved in it to support, where appropriate, the objectives of the present article by concluding bilateral or multilateral arrangements or agreements and endeavour, within this framework, to ensure that the placement of the child in another country is carried out by competent authorities or organs.

It has been stated that the States Parties should take suitable actions to ensure that a child who is seeking immigrant status or who is measured a migrant in accordance with applicable international or domestic law and procedures should, whether unaccompanied or accompanied by his or her parents or by any other person, receive appropriate protection and humanitarian assistance in the enjoyment of applicable rights set forth in the present Convention and in other international human rights or humanitarian instruments to which the said States are Parties. For this purpose, States Parties should provide, as they consider appropriate, co-operation in any efforts by the United Nations and other competent intergovernmental organizations or non-governmental organizations co-operating with the United Nations to protect and assist such a child and to trace the parents or other members of the family of any refugee child in order to obtain information necessary for reunification with his or her family. In cases where no parents or other members of the family can be found, the child should be accorded the same protection as any other child permanently or temporarily deprived of his or her family environment for any reason, as set forth in the present Convention.

It has been stated that the States Parties make a distinction that a emotionally or in the flesh render inoperative child should enjoy a full and decent life, in conditions which ensure dignity, promote self-reliance and facilitate the child’s active participation in the community. States Parties recognize the right of the disabled child to special care and should cheer and ensure the lean-to, subject to available resources, to the eligible child and those responsible for his or her care, of assistance for which application is made and which is appropriate to the child’s condition and to the circumstances of the parents or others caring for the child. 3. We should bear in mind the special needs of a disabled child, assistance extended in accordance with paragraph 2 of the present article should be provided free of charge, whenever possible, taking into account the financial resources of the parents or others caring for the child and should be designed to ensure that the disabled child has effective access to and receives education, training, health care services, rehabilitation services, preparation for employment and recreation opportunities in a manner conducive to the child’s achieving the fullest possible social integration and individual development, including his or her cultural and spiritual development States Parties should promote, in the spirit of international cooperation, the exchange of appropriate information in the field of preventive health care and of medical, psychological and functional treatment of disabled children, including dissemination of and access to information concerning methods of rehabilitation, education and vocational services, with the aim of enabling States Parties to improve their capabilities and skills and to widen their experience in these areas. In this regard, particular account should be taken of the needs of developing countries. The benefits should, where appropriate, be granted, taking into account the resources and the circumstances of the child and persons having responsibility for the maintenance of the child, as well as any other consideration relevant to an application for benefits made by or on behalf of the child. It has been stated that the States Parties recognize the right of every child to a standard of living adequate for the child’s physical, mental, spiritual, moral and social development. The parent(s) or others responsible for the child have the primary responsibility to secure, within their abilities and financial capacities, the conditions of living necessary for the child’s development. It has been stated that the States Parties, in accordance with national conditions and within their means, should take appropriate measures to assist parents and others responsible for the child to implement this right and should in case of need provide material assistance and support programmes, particularly with regard to nutrition, clothing and housing.

It has been stated that the States Parties recognize the right of the child to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health and to facilities for the treatment of illness and rehabilitation of health. States Parties should strive to ensure that no child is deprived of his or her right of access to such health care services and it is evident that they should pursue full implementation of this right and, in particular, should take appropriate measures:

To diminish infant and child mortality;

To ensure the provision of necessary medical assistance and health care to all children with emphasis on the development of primary health care;

To combat disease and malnutrition, including within the framework of primary health care, through, inter alia, the application of readily available technology and through the provision of adequate nutritious foods and clean drinking-water, taking into consideration the dangers and risks of environmental pollution;

To ensure appropriate pre-natal and post-natal health care for mothers;

To ensure that all segments of society, in particular parents and children, are informed, have access to education and are supported in the use of basic knowledge of child health and nutrition, the advantages of breastfeeding, hygiene and environmental sanitation and the prevention of accidents;

To develop preventive health care, guidance for parents and family planning education and services. States Parties should take all effective and appropriate measures with a view to abolishing traditional practices prejudicial to the health of children.

States Parties undertake to promote and encourage international co-operation with a view to achieving progressively the full realization of the right recognized in the present article. In this regard, particular account should be taken of the needs of developing countries.

From the above viewpoint, it is clear that a child is only a child, not a boy, not a girl. If we look around the world, we will find that there is no difference between men and women because they are equally positioned in the society in respect of education, social customs, research and ruling the country and in this respect, we should not disseminate a child being neglected and rather, the social force should pick such contribution to develop them in a proper way. We should not **** a child being a beggar or a maid servant. We should educate them and the authority should come forward to help them by providing hierarchical needs in question. It has been seen even, in many families, good behaviour is reflected towards them. Even, they are very much careful about building their moral and institutional shapes. In our country, many children are passing their lives miserably and the adversities know no bounds. In order to remove such bottleneck against developing, the society should come forward with a definitive purpose to settle them in a healthy environment so that they can flourish themselves in a befitting manner. There is no doubt that due to lack of proper education and good environment specifically who are living in slums, may be involved in immoral activities like thieving, robbing, snatching and terrorism. In order to amend them from being fallen, the society should rehabilate them in a proper way, if necessity the media can create awareness in this respect. In order to love the child, one should have feelings of responsibilities regarding patience, forgiveness, good bahaviour and affection.



Ron